Abstract
The phase transition of water–sodium alginate with water content (Wc) (grams of water/gram of dry sample) from 0 to 2.5 was studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Upon heating, glass transition (Tg), cold crystallization and melting were observed in the Wc range from 0.49 to 2.5. At a Wc less than 0.49, only Tg was observed. During cooling, the crystallization of water in the system was observed from the Wc=0.77. The above difference suggests the presence of glassy water which crystallizes during the heating process. The contribution of non-freezing water and glassy water to Tg and Cp of the system was estimated.
Similar content being viewed by others
Article PDF
References
E. D. T. Atkins, I. A. Nieduszynski, W. Mackie, K. D. Parker, and E. E. Smolko, Biopolymers, 12, 1865 (1973).
E. D. T. Atkins, I. A. Nieduszynski, W. Mackie, K. D. Parker, and E. E. Smolko, Biopolymers, 12, 1879 (1973).
A. Haug, B. Larsen, and O. Smidsrod, Acta Chem. Scand., 21, 691 (1967).
D. A. Rees and E. J. Welsh, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 16, 214 (1977).
D. A. Rees, Adv. Carbohydr. Chem. Biochem., 24, 267 (1969).
K. Nakamura, T. Hatakeyama, and H. Hatakeyama, “Wood and Cellulosics,” J. F. Kennedy, G. O. Phyllips, and P. A. Williams, Ed., Ellis Horwood Ltd., Chichester, 1987, p 23.
T. Hatakeyama, H. Yoshida, and H. Hatakeyama, Polymer, 28, 1282 (1987).
J. Mattai and J. T. Kwak, Macromolecules, 19, 1663 (1986).
P. Godard, J. J. Biebuyck, M. Daumerie, H. Naveau, and J. P. Mercier, J. Polym. Sci., 16, 1817 (1978).
C. A. Angell, J. Shuppert, and J. C. Tucker, J. Phys. Chem., 77, 3092 (1973).
N. Ise and T. Okubo, Macromolecules, 11, 439 (1978).
N. Ise, T. Okubo, K. Yamamoto, H. Kawai, T. Hashimoto, M. Fugimura, and Y. Hiragi, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 102, 7901 (1980).
K. Nakamura, T. Hatakeyama, and H. Hatakeyama, Proceeding of the 24th Netsu Sokutei Toronkai, 1988, p 1223B.
T. Hatakeyama, H. Yoshida, K. Nakamura, and H. Hatakeyama, Food Hydrocolloids, 3, 301 (1989).
T. Hatakeyama, K. Nakamura, H. Yoshida, and H. Hatakeyama, Thermochemica Acta, 88, 223 (1985).
H. Hatakeyama, K. Nakamura, and T. Hatakeyama, in “Cellulose and Wood,” C. Schuerch, Ed., Wiley Interscience, New York, N.Y., 1989, p 419.
H. Yoshida, K. Nakamura, T. Hatakeyama, and H. Hatakeyama, Polymer, 31, 693 (1990).
H. Hatakeyama, S. Hirose, and T. Hatakeyama, in “Lignin, Properties and Materials,” ACS Symp. Ser. 397, W. G. Glasser and S. Sarkanen, Ed., American Chemical Society, Washington, D. C., 1989, p 205.
T. Hatakeyama, K. Nakamura, and H. Hatakeyama, Thermochemica Acta, 123, 153 (1988).
K. Nakamura, T. Hatakeyama, and H. Hatakeyama, Polymer, 24, 871 (1983).
H. Yoshida, T. Hatakeyama, K. Nakamura, and H. Hatakeyama, Kobunshi Ronbunshu, 46, 597 (1989).
H. Hatakeyama, Kagaku to Kogyo, 42, 878 (1989).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Nakamura, K., Hatakeyama, T. & Hatakeyama, H. Formation of the Glassy State and Mesophase in the Water–Sodium Alginate System. Polym J 23, 253–258 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1295/polymj.23.253
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1295/polymj.23.253