Skip to main content

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

  • Article
  • Published:

Presentation and outcome of central serous chorioretinopathy with and without pachychoroid

Eye volume 38, pages 127–131 (2024)Cite this article

Subjects

Abstract

Background

The present study compared clinical features and outcomes of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) with and without pachychoroid.

Methods

It was a retrospective, longitudinal, record-based study which included eyes with CSC. Patients underwent spectral domain optical coherence tomography and differentiated between pachychoroid and non-pachychoroid groups. Eyes were divided into pachychoroid and non-pachychoroid groups based on the subfoveal choroidal thickness of 300 microns and the presence of pachyvessels.

Results

A total of 250 eyes of 250 patients were divided into pachychoroid and non-pachychoroid with 125 eyes in each group. Mean ages of patients in pachychoroid and non-pachychoroid groups were 45.7 ± 9.4 years and 47.4 ± 10.2 years, respectively. Mean initial best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.40 ± 0.42 in pachychoroid and 0.39 ± 0.38 in non-pachychoroid group (p = 0.9). Mean final BCVA was 0.37 ± 0.9 in pachychoroid and 0.21 ± 0.33 in non-pachychoroid group (p = 0.04). 36 (28.8%) eyes in pachychoroid and 60 (48%) eyes in non-pachychoroid group had spontaneous resolution of CSC (p = 0.007). A total of 39 (31.2%) eyes in pachychoroid and 13 (10.4%) in non-pachychoroid group had recurrent CSC at the end of follow-up.

Conclusion

CSC eyes with pachychoroid had more recurrent episodes and less spontaneous resolution compared to CSC eyes in non-pachychoroid group. Final visual acuity was worse in eyes with CSC and pachychoroid. These findings need to be validated in a larger sample size with a prospective study design.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution

Access options

Buy this article

  • Purchase on Springer Link
  • Instant access to full article PDF
Buy now

Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

Fig. 1: Colour fundus photo, Multicolour image, Fundus fluorescein angiography and OCT line scan of a non-pachychoroid eye.
Fig. 2: Colour fundus photo, Multicolour image, Fundus fluorescein angiography and OCT line scan of a pachychoroid eye.
Fig. 3: Kaplan Meier curve of spontaneous resolution amongst pachychoroid and non-pachychoroid group.
Fig. 4: Kaplan Meier curve of resolution after LASER amongst pachychoroid and non-pachychoroid group.

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are not openly available due to reasons of sensitivity and are available from the corresponding author upon request. Data are located in controlled access data storage archives at Sankara Nethralaya, Kolkata, India.

References

  1. Semeraro F, Morescalchi F, Russo A, Gambicorti E, Pilotto A, Parmeggiani F, et al. Central serous chorioretinopathy: pathogenesis and management. Clin Ophthalmol. 2019;13:2341–52.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Tanaka C, Iwahashi C, Komuku Y, Hozumi K, Mitarai K, Gomi F. Clinical characteristics of central serous chorioretinopathy in patients by age. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2021;65:761–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Kanda P, Gupta A, Gottlieb C, Karanjia R, Coupland SG, Bal MS. Pathophysiology of central serous chorioretinopathy: a literature review with quality assessment. Eye (Lond). 2022;36:941–62.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Mazzeo TJMM, Leber HM, da Silva AG, Freire RCM, Barbosa GCS, Criado GG, et al. Pachychoroid disease spectrum: review article. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2022;260:723–35.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Warrow DJ, Hoang QV, Freund KB. Pachychoroid pigment epitheliopathy. Retina. 2013;33:1659–72.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Arrigo A, Aragona E, Bordato A, Calamuneri A, Moretti AG, Mercuri S, et al. Acute central serous chorioretinopathy subtypes as assessed by multimodal imaging. Transl Vis Sci Technol. 2021;10:6.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  7. Dansingani KK, Balaratnasingam C, Naysan J, Freund KB. En face imaging of pachychoroid spectrum disorders with swept-source optical coherence tomography. Retina. 2016;36:499–516.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Balaratnasingam C, Lee WK, Koizumi H, Dansingani K, Inoue M, Freund KB. Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy: a distinct disease or manifestation of many? Retina. 2016;36:1–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Pang CE, Freund KB. Pachychoroid neovasculopathy. Retina. 2015;35:1–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Ravenstijn M, van Dijk EHC, Haarman AEG, Kaden TR, Vermeer KA, Boon CJF, et al. Myopic presentation of central serous chorioretinopathy. Retina. 2021;41:2472–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Imamura Y, Fujiwara T, Margolis R, Spaide RF. Enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography of the choroid in central serous chorioretinopathy. Retina. 2009;29:1469–73.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Cheung CMG, Lee WK, Koizumi H, Dansingani K, Lai TYY, Freund KB. Pachychoroid disease. Eye (Lond). 2019;33:14–33.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Spaide RF. The ambiguity of pachychoroid. Retina. 2021;41:231–37.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Castro-Navarro V, Behar-Cohen F, Chang W, Joussen AM, Lai TYY, Navarro R, et al. Pachychoroid: current concepts on clinical features and pathogenesis. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2021;259:1385–400.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Battaglia Parodi M, Arrigo A, Iacono P, Falcomatà B, Bandello F. Central serous chorioretinopathy: treatment with laser. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2020;13:359.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Aditya Birla Sankara Nethralaya, 147, Mukundapur, E. M. Bypass, Kolkata, 700 099, West Bengal, India

    Sampurna Bhattacharyya, Sukanya Gorhe, Zubin D’souza & Rupak Roy

  2. Netralayam, 330 Mukundapur Main Road, E. M. Bypass, Kolkata, 700 099, India

    Kumar Saurabh & Sudipta Das

Authors
  1. Sampurna Bhattacharyya
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Kumar Saurabh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Sudipta Das
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Sukanya Gorhe
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Zubin D’souza
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Rupak Roy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

SB was responsible for designing the protocol, writing the protocol, conducting the search, screening potentially eligible studies, extracting and analysing data and interpreting results. KS was responsible for designing the protocol, screening potentially eligible studies, interpreting the results and writing the report. SD was responsible for designing the protocol, writing the protocol and providing feedback on the report. SG was responsible for writing the abstract and report, analysing the data, extraction of data, writing the summary and providing feedback on the report. ZD was responsible for the extraction of data, writing the report and providing the feedback on report. RR was responsible for designing the protocol, writing the protocol, conducting the search, creating a summary of findings, writing the report and providing feedback on the report.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rupak Roy.

Ethics declarations

Competing interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Publisher’s note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Bhattacharyya, S., Saurabh, K., Das, S. et al. Presentation and outcome of central serous chorioretinopathy with and without pachychoroid. Eye 38, 127–131 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-023-02645-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-023-02645-2

Search

Advanced search

Quick links