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Volume 8 Issue 9, September 2002

Two articles in this issue investigate the proliferation of neurons in the adult brain post-injury (stroke or irradiation). X-irradiation similar to that used in cranial radiation therapy inhibits neurogenesis in the adult rat. On page 955, Monje et al. show that hippocampal neural precursors from irradiated rats can, in culture, produce immature neurons, suggesting a disrupted brain microenvironment. On page 963, Arvidsson et al. show that following experimental stroke, neurons of the adult rat brain proliferate and migrate into damaged areas. The cover depicts a confocal image of cells cultured from an irradiated (10Gy) hippocampus, including type-IIIß tubulin-positive neurons (green), glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive oligodendrocytes (blue); x40 objective.

Volume 8 Issue 9

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Editorial

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Obituary

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Commentary

  • The diversity in growth and morphological characteristics among endothelial cells in different normal tissues and tumors has been long recognized. Yet there has been no clear molecular explanation for such diversity at the level of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) and other established regulators of angiogenesis that are expressed widely and show little tissue selectivity in their angiogenic properties. Endocrine gland–derived VEGF represents the first example of a tissue-specific angiogenic factor, likely to be followed by others.

    • Jennifer LeCouter
    • Rui Lin
    • Napoleone Ferrara
    Commentary

  • Pharmacological agents directed against the integrins αvβ3 and αvβ5 have been reported to inhibit angiogenesis. However, genetic ablations of the genes encoding these integrins fail to block angiogenesis and in some cases even enhance it. This apparent paradox suggests the hypotheses that these integrins are negative regulators of angiogenesis and that the drugs targeting them may be acting as agonists rather than antagonists.

    • Richard O. Hynes
    Commentary
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Book Review

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News & Views

  • The 1997 flu in Hong Kong infected only 18 patients, but killed 6 of them. Now, reverse genetics experiments have pinpointed the NS1 gene as a primary culprit.

    • Peter Palese
    • Christopher F. Basler
    • Adolfo García-Sastre
    News & Views

  • Stroke and irradiation can cause severe brain damage, with consequences for neuronal replacement. The results of two new studies may help us understand the barriers to effective therapies to restore injured brain tissue (pages 955–962 and 963–970).

    • Evan Y. Snyder
    • Kook I. Park
    News & Views

  • Asthma can originate via diverse causal and mechanistic pathways. A small bioactive lipid takes on this heterogeneity and offers the possibility of a broad-based treatment (pages 1018–1023).

    • Marc Peters-Golden
    News & Views

  • Abnormal vessel growth in the eyes is a major cause of blindness. In mice, injection of stem cells from the bone marrow can alter vessel growth (pages 1004–1010).

    • Lois E.H. Smith
    News & Views

  • A new study shows that TERT, a component of telomerase, shuttles between nuclear compartments during the cell cycle. TERT localization is disrupted in cancer and following ionizing radiation, perhaps affecting genome stability.

    • Richard S. Maser
    • Ronald A. DePinho
    News & Views

  • Accumulation of Aβ peptide in the brains of individuals with Alzheimer disease leads to an inflammatory response. New data suggest that this response may not always be harmful.

    • Todd E. Golde
    News & Views

  • The most invasive types of brain tumors can release neurotoxic quantities of glutamate. A new study shows that changing the properties of glutamate receptors can shrink brain tumors in rats (pages 971–978).

    • Jeffrey D. Rothstein
    News & Views
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