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In personalized medicine, a major aim is to provide the right treatment to the right patient. In this Comment article, Gibson discusses how a more overt and genomics-informed focus on those individuals who are unlikely to benefit from treatment could reduce prescription rates and provide financial and health-care benefits.
A study in Cell examines the pervasiveness of a classic form of non-genetic inheritance involving transposable element DNA methylation in mice. It reports that non-genetic inheritance is likely to be the exception rather than the rule across other loci genome-wide.
A study in Nature shows the feasibility of using the CRISPR–Cas9 system for efficient and precise genotypic correction of pathogenic mutations without a donor template.
A study in Nature Medicine reports the DNA methylome and transcriptome of an individual, and suggests that changes in the methylome and transcriptome might be associated with chronic and acute health conditions, respectively.
A study in Science reports the genome-wide chromatin accessibility profiles across 23 cancer types from The Cancer Genome Atlas and notably increases the number of known gene regulatory elements.
Lysine acetyltransferases (KATs) act at the interface of the cellular environment and transcription to modify levels of acetylation on target proteins. This Review highlights the roles of KATs beyond chromatin regulation, as detectors of metabolic intermediates and as integrators of signalling pathways, which enable cells to respond to and directly meet their homeostatic needs.
In this article, Payne and Wagner discuss how recent experimental studies are complementing theoretical work to enhance our understanding of the evolvability of diverse biological systems. They highlight phenotypic heterogeneity, robustness and adaptive landscape topography as causes of evolvability, and they additionally discuss evidence for whether evolvability itself can evolve.
Recent technological advances are enabling new views of the 3D genome within the space of the nucleus. These studies are beginning to reveal the ways cells co-opt the structures and components of the nuclear periphery for genome organization and gene regulation.
Transcriptome profiling in different brain regions has revealed distinct patterns of gene and non-coding RNA expression, as well as alternative splicing, in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The authors review these ASD-associated signatures and the resulting mechanistic insights into ASD.
