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The GTEx consortium reports results from its third and final phase in several new papers. They provide unprecedented detail of human gene expression regulation across tissues.
A study in Science suggests that regeneration-responsive enhancers drive a regeneration response programme (RRP) in killifish and zebrafish and that changes in RRPs might have facilitated the loss of regenerative capacity in vertebrates.
A study in Nature Genetics reports the analysis of 172 whole-genome sequences of indigenous African cattle and identifies loci associated with environmental adaptations among crossbred animals.
A study in Molecular Biology and Evolution reports de novo genome sequences for 17 bumblebee species spanning all 15 subgenera. This valuable resource should provide a deeper biological understanding of these commercially and ecologically important pollinators.
Computational tools to analyse RNA sequencing data often disregard or even misinterpret reads derived from transposable elements. This Review highlights the main challenges associated with the detection of transposable element expression, including mappability, sequence polymorphisms and transcript diversity, and discusses the experimental and computational strategies to overcome them.
Various cellular metabolites provide the chemical moieties for DNA and histone modifications, resulting in a complex interplay between metabolism and epigenetics. In this Review, Dai, Ramesh and Locasale discuss the metabolic regulation of diverse types of chromatin modifications and the functional consequences of these modifications at the molecular, cellular and organismal levels, as well as influences from diet and microbiota.
Host–parasite co-evolution is expected to leave signatures of selection in the genome of both antagonists. Ebert and Fields discuss what is known about these signatures, how they relate to co-evolutionary processes and how they can help identify the genes underlying the co-evolving phenotypes.
Increased capacities for sequencing and genotyping are enabling a more comprehensive understanding of the genetics of adaptation for diverse species. In this Perspective, Barghi, Hermisson and Schlötterer describe how polygenic adaptation can be studied using a framework of ‘adaptive architecture’ that unifies principles from the traditionally disparate fields of quantitative genetics and molecular population genetics.
