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Evolutionarily divergent mTOR remodels translatome for tissue regeneration
Rapid activation of protein synthesis in the axolotl highlights the unanticipated impact of a translatome on orchestrating the early steps of wound healing and provides a missing link in our understanding of vertebrate regenerative potential.
- Olena Zhulyn
- , Hannah D. Rosenblatt
- & Maria Barna
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Article
| Open Access
Evolution of a minimal cell
An engineered minimal cell evolves to escape the negative consequences of genome streamlining.
- R. Z. Moger-Reischer
- , J. I. Glass
- & J. T. Lennon
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Article |
Synonymous mutations in representative yeast genes are mostly strongly non-neutral
A survey of 8,341 mutations in 21 yeast genes shows that synonymous mutations are nearly as harmful as nonsynonymous mutations, in part because they both affect the mRNA level of the gene mutated.
- Xukang Shen
- , Siliang Song
- & Jianzhi Zhang
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Article |
Skin cells undergo asynthetic fission to expand body surfaces in zebrafish
Terminally differentiated superficial epithelial cells continue dividing in the absence of DNA replication to quickly expand epithelial coverage during rapid growth.
- Keat Ying Chan
- , Ching-Cher Sanders Yan
- & Chen-Hui Chen
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Article |
Cardiopharyngeal deconstruction and ancestral tunicate sessility
The heart of appendicularians has evolved by 'deconstructing' an ancestral ascidian-like gene regulatory network.
- Alfonso Ferrández-Roldán
- , Marc Fabregà-Torrus
- & Cristian Cañestro
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Article |
Tension heterogeneity directs form and fate to pattern the myocardial wall
Differences in the mechanical properties of individual cardiomyocytes drive their segregation into compact versus trabecular layer, thereby transforming the myocardium in a developing heart from a simple epithelium into an intricately patterned tissue with distinct cell fates.
- Rashmi Priya
- , Srinivas Allanki
- & Didier Y. R. Stainier
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Article |
Enteric neurons increase maternal food intake during reproduction
A multi-organ circuit is activated in female flies after mating, leading to changes in enteric neurons that increase food intake.
- Dafni Hadjieconomou
- , George King
- & Irene Miguel-Aliaga
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Article |
An intestinal zinc sensor regulates food intake and developmental growth
Hodor, an intestinal zinc-gated chloride channel, controls systemic growth in Drosophila by promoting food intake and by modulating Tor signalling and lysosomal homeostasis within enterocytes.
- Siamak Redhai
- , Clare Pilgrim
- & Irene Miguel-Aliaga
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Article |
Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveal somitogenesis in gastruloids
Single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics reveal that the somitogenesis clock is active in mouse gastruloids, which can be induced to generate somites with the correct rostral–caudal patterning.
- Susanne C. van den Brink
- , Anna Alemany
- & Alexander van Oudenaarden
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Letter |
Protection from UV light is an evolutionarily conserved feature of the haematopoietic niche
Melanocytes above the haematopoietic niche protect haematopoietic stem cells from ultraviolet-light-induced DNA damage in aquatic vertebrates throughout evolution; this niche moved to the bone marrow during the transition to terrestrial life.
- Friedrich G. Kapp
- , Julie R. Perlin
- & Leonard I. Zon
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Article |
Pyramidal cell regulation of interneuron survival sculpts cortical networks
Excitatory input onto inhibitory interneurons in the developing mouse cortex acts through PTEN to protect interneurons from cell death and thus regulate the balance between excitation and inhibition.
- Fong Kuan Wong
- , Kinga Bercsenyi
- & Oscar Marín
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Article |
High-throughput discovery of novel developmental phenotypes
Identification and characterization, using a comprehensive embryonic phenotyping pipeline, of 410 lethal alleles during the generation of the first 1,751 of 5,000 unique gene knockouts produced by the International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium.
- Mary E. Dickinson
- , Ann M. Flenniken
- & Stephen A. Murray
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Letter |
Regulation of mitochondrial morphology and function by stearoylation of TFR1
Mitochondria have essential functions within cells, and their dysfunction is linked to various disorders; here, the fatty acid stearic acid (C18:0), which is a dietary component, and the transferrin receptor (TFR1) are shown to regulate mitochondrial function.
- Deniz Senyilmaz
- , Sam Virtue
- & Aurelio A. Teleman
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Letter |
DENR–MCT-1 promotes translation re-initiation downstream of uORFs to control tissue growth
This study identifies the DENR–MCT-1 complex as the first factors in animals specific for translation re-initiation downstream of upstream Open Reading Frames (uORFs).
- Sibylle Schleich
- , Katrin Strassburger
- & Aurelio A. Teleman
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Article |
A mesoscale connectome of the mouse brain
In mouse, an axonal connectivity map showing the wiring patterns across the entire brain has been created using an EGFP-expressing adeno-associated virus tracing technique, providing the first such whole-brain map for a vertebrate species.
- Seung Wook Oh
- , Julie A. Harris
- & Hongkui Zeng
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Comment |
There's more to life than rats and flies
The tiny number of model organisms constrains research in ways that must be acknowledged and addressed, warns Jessica Bolker.
- Jessica Bolker
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Letter |
Androgenetic haploid embryonic stem cells produce live transgenic mice
Mouse androgenetic haploid embryonic stem cell lines can be established by transferring sperm into an enucleated oocyte; the cells maintain haploidy and stable growth over 30 passages, express pluripotent markers, are able to differentiate into all three germ layers, contribute to germlines of chimaeras when injected into blastocysts and can produce fertile progeny that carry genetic modifications to the next generation.
- Wei Li
- , Ling Shuai
- & Qi Zhou
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News |
Targeted gene modification can rewrite zebrafish DNA
New method could lead to cheaper, more effective insights into complex human diseases.
- Nicky Guttridge
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Editorial |
Return to sender
The bid to halt air transport of lab animals poses an imminent threat to biomedical research.
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Lab-animal flights squeezed
Two biggest cargo carriers affirm that they will not ship mammals and non-human primates, as activist pressure mounts to stop research-animal airlifts.
- Meredith Wadman
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Letter |
Defining the core Arabidopsis thaliana root microbiome
Sequencing of the Arabidopsis thaliana root microbiome shows that its composition is strongly influenced by location, inside or outside the root, and by soil type.
- Derek S. Lundberg
- , Sarah L. Lebeis
- & Jeffery L. Dangl
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Letter |
A map of the cis-regulatory sequences in the mouse genome
A genomic map of nearly 300,000 potential cis-regulatory sequences determined from diverse mouse tissues and cell types reveals active promoters, enhancers and CCCTC-binding factor sites encompassing 11% of the mouse genome and significantly expands annotation of mammalian regulatory sequences.
- Yin Shen
- , Feng Yue
- & Bing Ren
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News |
Model pigs face messy path
As approvals for engineered food animals stall, pigs may be US regulators’ next challenge.
- Amy Maxmen
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Letter |
Proto-genes and de novo gene birth
Novel protein-coding genes can arise either from pre-existing genes or de novo; here it is shown that functional genes emerge de novo through transitory proto-genes generated by widespread translational activity in non-genic sequences.
- Anne-Ruxandra Carvunis
- , Thomas Rolland
- & Marc Vidal
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News |
Scientists trace a wiring plan for entire mouse brain
The first images from a project that has set out to map the whole mouse brain are now publicly available.
- Saswato R. Das
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Spotlight |
Spotlight on Genetics
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Letter |
Acanthodes and shark-like conditions in the last common ancestor of modern gnathostomes
New analysis of an Acanthodes braincase forces a reappraisal of the phylogeny of gnathosomes, suggesting that the vertebrate head underwent reorganization not only before the emergence of jaws, but also afterwards.
- Samuel P. Davis
- , John A. Finarelli
- & Michael I. Coates
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News |
Fruitfly development, cell by cell
Multidirectional imaging of embryos allows researchers to track development of fruitflies in real time.
- Lauren Gravitz
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Article |
A map of nucleosome positions in yeast at base-pair resolution
A new technique for mapping nucleosomes genome-wide with single-base-pair accuracy, by chemical modification of engineered histones.
- Kristin Brogaard
- , Liqun Xi
- & Jonathan Widom
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Letter |
Compartmentalized calcium dynamics in a C. elegans interneuron encode head movement
Subcellular compartmentalization established by mobilization of intracellular calcium stores in RIA interneurons provides a means of self-motion monitoring and a cellular basis for integrating sensory and motor signals in nematodes’ brains.
- Michael Hendricks
- , Heonick Ha
- & Yun Zhang
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News |
Brazil tests GM mosquitoes to fight Dengue
Males with offspring-killing genes are replacing wild insects, say researchers.
- Helen Mendes
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News |
Activists ground primate flights
Supply of research monkeys to Western labs under threat as airlines react to animal-rights campaign.
- Meredith Wadman
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Article |
Ancient deuterostome origins of vertebrate brain signalling centres
Genetic programs homologous to three vertebrate signalling centres are present in the hemichordate Saccoglossus kowalevskii and may be components of a complex, ancient genetic regulatory scaffold for deuterostome body patterning that degenerated in amphioxus and ascidians, but was retained to pattern divergent structures in hemichordates and vertebrates.
- Ariel M. Pani
- , Erin E. Mullarkey
- & Christopher J. Lowe
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Letter |
The role of Drosophila Piezo in mechanical nociception
The Drosophila Piezo protein is shown to function in sensory neurons to transduce mechanical force in vivo.
- Sung Eun Kim
- , Bertrand Coste
- & Ardem Patapoutian
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Letter |
The microRNA miR-34 modulates ageing and neurodegeneration in Drosophila
The conserved microRNA miR-34 regulates age-associated events and long-term brain integrity in Drosophila, providing a molecular link between ageing and neurodegeneration.
- Nan Liu
- , Michael Landreh
- & Nancy M. Bonini
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Article |
Eutrophication causes speciation reversal in whitefish adaptive radiations
Historical and contemporary data of whitefish radiations from pre-alpine European lakes and reconstruction of changes in whitefish genetic species differentiation through time show that species diversity may have evolved in response to ecological opportunity, and that eutrophication, by diminishing this opportunity, has driven extinctions through speciation reversal and demographic decline.
- P. Vonlanthen
- , D. Bittner
- & O. Seehausen
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Article
| Open Access
The Drosophila melanogaster Genetic Reference Panel
A new resource for the analysis of population genomics and quantitative traits, the Drosophila melanogaster Genetic Reference Panel is presented.
- Trudy F. C. Mackay
- , Stephen Richards
- & Richard A. Gibbs
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Letter |
Brassinosteroid regulates stomatal development by GSK3-mediated inhibition of a MAPK pathway
Brassinosteroid inhibits stomatal development by alleviating GSK3-mediated inhibition of a MAPK module, revealing a link between a plant MAPKKK and its upstream regulators, and between brassinosteroid and a specific developmental output.
- Tae-Wuk Kim
- , Marta Michniewicz
- & Zhi-Yong Wang
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News |
Rat helps pinpoint pain molecule
Random screen of metabolites could offer new routes to drug targets for pain relief.
- Katharine Sanderson
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Letter |
Maternal and paternal genomes contribute equally to the transcriptome of early plant embryos
Transcriptome sequencing and analysis of hybrid embryos show that in contrast to early animal embryogenesis, early plant embryogenesis is mostly under zygotic control.
- Michael D. Nodine
- & David P. Bartel
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News |
Yeast suggests speedy start for multicellular life
Single-celled organism can evolve multicellularity within months.
- Ed Yong
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Letter |
A novel sensor to map auxin response and distribution at high spatio-temporal resolution
A new auxin sensor is used to reveal complex dynamic patterns of hormone distribution in development.
- Géraldine Brunoud
- , Darren M. Wells
- & Teva Vernoux
Embryo-scale reverse genetics at single-cell resolution