Multiple sclerosis articles within Nature

Featured

  • Article |

    A genome-wide association study including 22,389 cases of multiple sclerosis finds an association with disease progression at the DYSF–ZNF638 and DNM3–PIGC loci and identifies a potential of higher educational attainment in slowing disease progression.

    • Adil Harroud
    • , Pernilla Stridh
    •  & Kári Stefánsson

  • Article |

    Single-cell RNA sequencing was used to construct a map of gene expression in lesions from brains of patients with multiple sclerosis, revealing distinct lineage- and region-specific transcriptomic changes associated with selective cortical neuron damage and glial activation.

    • Lucas Schirmer
    • , Dmitry Velmeshev
    •  & David H. Rowitch

  • Letter |

    Single-nucleus RNA sequencing analysis identifies different subclusters of oligodendroglia in white matter from individuals with multiple sclerosis compared with controls, and these differences may be important for understanding disease progression.

    • Sarah Jäkel
    • , Eneritz Agirre
    •  & Gonçalo Castelo-Branco

  • Letter |

    There are no new oligodendrocytes in potentially remyelinated multiple sclerosis shadow plaques, although oligodendrocyte generation is increased in the normal appearing white matter of patients with aggressive disease, informing the development of new therapies.

    • Maggie S. Y. Yeung
    • , Mehdi Djelloul
    •  & Jonas Frisén

  • Article |

    High salt intake changed the gut microbiome and increased TH17 cell numbers in mice, and reduced intestinal survival of Lactobacillus species, increased the number of TH17 cells and increased blood pressure in humans.

    • Nicola Wilck
    • , Mariana G. Matus
    •  & Dominik N. Müller

  • Letter |

    Ischaemia damages nerve myelin by depriving neurons and their myelinating oligodendrocytes of oxygen and glucose; here it is shown that ischaemic damage is caused through the H+-dependent activation of TRPA1 channels, and not via glutamate receptors of the NMDA type, as previously thought, providing a new mechanism and promising therapeutic targets for diseases as diverse and prevalent as cerebral palsy, spinal cord injury, stroke and multiple sclerosis.

    • Nicola B. Hamilton
    • , Karolina Kolodziejczyk
    •  & David Attwell

  • News & Views |

    In multiple sclerosis, the body's own immune cells attack the brain and spinal cord. But how they get there from peripheral tissues has been a mystery. Surprisingly, the lungs might be a key transit point. See Letter p.675

    • Richard M. Ransohoff

  • Outlook |

    Despite some outstanding drug-development successes, the mouse version of multiple sclerosis has been worryingly unreliable at screening human treatments.

    • Jocelyn Rice

  • Outlook |

    Population and genetic studies are confirming the link between multiple sclerosis and vitamin D, says Richard Ransohoff.

    • Richard M. Ransohoff

  • Outlook |

    Most new treatments for multiple sclerosis are for patients with the relapsing–remitting form of the disease. Those with the more advanced, progressive type are being left behind.

    • Courtney Humphries

  • Outlook |

    Technologies that better reveal the insidious progression of multiple sclerosis could aid the search for treatments.

    • Cynthia Graber

  • Outlook |

    Researchers have plenty of theories about what might cause multiple sclerosis. But for now, the factor that triggers the disease remains elusive.

    • Lauren Gravitz

  • Outlook |

    More than 100 variations in the genome have been linked to multiple sclerosis. Researchers are now trying to find the overlap with other auto-immune conditions, and understand how environmental factors interact with genes to trigger disease.

    • Virginia Hughes

  • Outlook |

    A slew of new data suggests that it is time to rethink and reclassify autoimmune disease, says David A. Hafler.

    • David A. Hafler

  • Outlook |

    Worms? Stents? Bee stings? Patients with multiple sclerosis who exhaust conventional therapies are turning in desperation to unproven approaches.

    • Jennifer Berglund

  • Outlook |

    Researchers are still a long way from using stem cells to halt the decline caused by multiple sclerosis and to restore patients' health. But they are following some promising trails.

    • Michael Eisenstein

  • Outlook |

    For decades, drugs have barely managed to slow the progression of multiple sclerosis. Therapies are now emerging that may even help to reverse the disease — but are they worth the risk?

    • Duncan Graham-Rowe

  • News & Views |

    Multiple sclerosis is linked to rogue immune cells that attack mature neurons. Remarkably, immature neurons secrete a protein called LIF, which not only inhibits this attack, but also promotes repair of the damaged nerves.

    • Su M. Metcalfe

  • Comment |

    Calls in Canada for trials of a contentious treatment for multiple sclerosis illustrate how social media can affect research priorities, say Roger Chafe and his colleagues.

    • Roger Chafe
    • , Karen B. Born
    •  & Andreas Laupacis

  • Letter
    | Open Access

    Studies of identical twins are widely used to dissect the contributions of genes and the environment to human diseases. In multiple sclerosis, an autoimmune demyelinating disease, identical twins often show differences. This might suggest that environmental effects are most significant in this case, but genetic and epigenetic differences between identical twins have been described. Here, however, studies of identical twins show no evidence for genetic, epigenetic or transcriptome differences that could explain disease discordance.

    • Sergio E. Baranzini
    • , Joann Mudge
    •  & Stephen F. Kingsmore

  • News & Views |

    At present, only injectable drugs are available for treating multiple sclerosis. So clinical trials indicating that the drug fingolimod might be a step towards an oral treatment for the disease are exciting indeed.

    • Roland Martin

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