Translational research articles within Nature

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  • Article |

    Under stressful conditions, mesenchymal stromal cells transfer mitochondria to endothelial cells through tunnelling nanotubes, and artificially transplanting mitochondria into endothelial cells improves the ability of these cells to engraft and to revascularize ischaemic tissues.

    • Ruei-Zeng Lin
    • , Gwang-Bum Im
    •  & Juan M. Melero-Martin

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Harnessing single-nucleus RNA sequencing and spatial profiling, this work dissects unanticipated aspects of human liver regeneration to uncover a novel migratory hepatocyte subpopulation mediating wound closure following acute liver injury.

    • K. P. Matchett
    • , J. R. Wilson-Kanamori
    •  & N. C. Henderson

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Elevated circulating levels of GDF15 in pregnant women are associated with severe nausea and vomiting, and sensitivity to such symptoms during pregnancy is partly determined by prepregnancy levels of this hormone.

    • M. Fejzo
    • , N. Rocha
    •  & S. O’Rahilly

  • Article |

    Integration of multiomics data with functional analysis of pancreatic tissues from individuals with early-stage type 2 diabetes indicates that the genetic risk converges on RFX6, which regulates chromatin architecture at multiple risk loci.

    • John T. Walker
    • , Diane C. Saunders
    •  & Marcela Brissova

  • Article
    | Open Access

    RETFound, a foundation model for retinal images that learns generalizable representations from unlabelled images, is trained on 1.6 million unlabelled images by self-supervised learning and then adapted to disease detection tasks with explicit labels.

    • Yukun Zhou
    • , Mark A. Chia
    •  & Pearse A. Keane

  • Article
    | Open Access

    We describe netrin-1 upregulation in a majority of human endometrial carcinomas and demonstrate that netrin-1 blockade, using the anti-netrin-1 antibody NP137, is effective both in a mouse model and in patients with endometrial carcinomas.

    • Philippe A. Cassier
    • , Raul Navaridas
    •  & Patrick Mehlen

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The cGAS–STING signalling pathway is a critical driver of chronic inflammation and functional decline during ageing, and could be targeted to halt neurodegenerative processes during old age.

    • Muhammet F. Gulen
    • , Natasha Samson
    •  & Andrea Ablasser

  • Perspective |

    The rationale behind chimaeric antigen receptor T cell therapy is reviewed, and current challenges in oncology, preliminary reports in noncancerous diseases and relevant emerging technologies are discussed.

    • Daniel J. Baker
    • , Zoltan Arany
    •  & Carl H. June

  • Article
    | Open Access

    A high-resolution kidney cellular atlas of 51 main cell types, including rare and previously undescribed cell populations, represents a comprehensive benchmark of cellular states, neighbourhoods, outcome-associated signatures and publicly available interactive visualizations.

    • Blue B. Lake
    • , Rajasree Menon
    •  & Sanjay Jain

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Whole-genome sequencing analyses in a cohort of individuals with ataxia-telangiectasia are used to identify genetic variants that might be amenable to treatment with splice-switching antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), and develop ASOs with therapeutic potential.

    • Jinkuk Kim
    • , Sijae Woo
    •  & Timothy W. Yu

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Analyses of multiregional tumour samples from 421 patients with non-small cell lung cancer prospectively enrolled to the TRACERx study reveal determinants of tumour evolution and relationships between intratumour heterogeneity and clinical outcome.

    • Alexander M. Frankell
    • , Michelle Dietzen
    •  & Charles Swanton

  • Article |

    Logic gating is used to develop a CAR T cell platform that is highly specific and allows the activity of T cells to be restricted to the encounter of two antigens, thus reducing on-target, off-tumour toxicity.

    • Aidan M. Tousley
    • , Maria Caterina Rotiroti
    •  & Robbie G. Majzner

  • Article
    | Open Access

    FXR regulates the levels of ACE2 in tissues of the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems that are affected by COVID-19, and inhibiting FXR with ursodeoxycholic acid downregulates ACE2 and reduces susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

    • Teresa Brevini
    • , Mailis Maes
    •  & Fotios Sampaziotis

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Predictive models that relate brain activity to phenotype reliably fail when applied to subgroups of participants who do not fit stereotypical profiles, showing that the utility of a one-size-fits-all modelling approach is limited.

    • Abigail S. Greene
    • , Xilin Shen
    •  & R. Todd Constable

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Mild cold exposure activates a substantial amount of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in a patient with cancer, reducing tumour-associated glucose uptake, and activation of BAT in mice inhibits the growth of tumours by decreasing blood glucose and impeding glycolysis-based metabolism in cancer cells.

    • Takahiro Seki
    • , Yunlong Yang
    •  & Yihai Cao

  • Article |

    Treatment with neoadjuvant BRAF/MEK-targeted therapy results in higher rates of major pathological response in female compared with male patients with melanoma, and pharmacological inhibition of androgen receptor signalling improved the responses of male and female mice to BRAF/MEK-targeted therapy.

    • Christopher P. Vellano
    • , Michael G. White
    •  & Jennifer A. Wargo

  • Perspective |

    The Dog Aging Project is an open-data, community science study to identify genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors associated with canine healthy lifespan, generating knowledge that could readily translate to human ageing.

    • Kate E. Creevy
    • , Joshua M. Akey
    •  & Benjamin S. Wilfond

  • Article |

    Whole-transcriptome sequencing of a subset of 75 non-small-cell lung cancer specimens in a multi-institutional genome screening study identified a fusion of the CLIP1 and LTK genes with transformational potential due to constitutive LTK kinase activity.

    • Hiroki Izumi
    • , Shingo Matsumoto
    •  & Koichi Goto

  • Article |

    Alanine-scanning mutagenesis is used to identify the PF4 epitope that is recognized by anti-PF4 antibodies in patients with vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopaenia, revealing that the epitope corresponds to the heparin-binding site on PF4.

    • Angela Huynh
    • , John G. Kelton
    •  & Ishac Nazy

  • Article |

    Aggressive cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are found to grow through a three-hit cancer-like mechanism, involving gain of function of a gene that promotes vascular growth, and loss of function of genes that suppress it.

    • Aileen A. Ren
    • , Daniel A. Snellings
    •  & Mark L. Kahn

  • Article |

    A range of techniques are used to investigate the molecular landscape of chronic kidney disease, and the results suggest that distinct populations of pericytes and fibroblasts are the main source of myofibroblasts in kidney fibrosis.

    • Christoph Kuppe
    • , Mahmoud M. Ibrahim
    •  & Rafael Kramann

  • Article |

    Respiratory syncytial virus enters cells by binding to cell-surface IGFR1, which activates PKCζ and induces trafficking of the NCL coreceptor to the RSV particles at the cell surface.

    • Cameron D. Griffiths
    • , Leanne M. Bilawchuk
    •  & David J. Marchant

  • Article |

    SARS-CoV-2 modulates central cellular pathways, such as translation, splicing, carbon metabolism, proteostasis and nucleic acid metabolism, in human cells; these pathways can be inhibited by small-molecule inhibitors to prevent viral replication in the cells.

    • Denisa Bojkova
    • , Kevin Klann
    •  & Christian Münch

  • Article |

    In mouse models of pulmonary metastasis, adjuvant epigenetic therapy targeting myeloid-derived suppressor cells disrupts the premetastatic microenvironment after resection of primary tumours and inhibits the dissemination of residual tumour cells.

    • Zhihao Lu
    • , Jianling Zou
    •  & Malcolm V. Brock

  • Article |

    In patients with alcoholic hepatitis, cytolysin-positive Enterococcus faecalis strains are correlated with liver disease severity and increased mortality, and in mouse models these strains can be specifically targeted by bacteriophages.

    • Yi Duan
    • , Cristina Llorente
    •  & Bernd Schnabl

  • Article |

    A field trial succeeded in eliminating populations of the mosquito Aedes albopictus through inundative mass release of incompatible Wolbachia-infected males, which were also irradiated to sterilize any accidentally-released females, and so prevent population replacement.

    • Xiaoying Zheng
    • , Dongjing Zhang
    •  & Zhiyong Xi

  • Letter |

    Patient data from six clinical trials are used to compare the genomic landscapes of breast cancer metastases with those of primary tumours, revealing an increase in mutational burden and clonal diversity.

    • François Bertucci
    • , Charlotte K. Y. Ng
    •  & Fabrice André

  • Letter |

    α1,3-galactosyltransferase-knockout pig hearts that express human CD46 and human thrombomodulin require non-ischaemic preservation with continuous perfusion and post-transplantation growth control to ensure long-term orthotopic function of the xenograft in baboons.

    • Matthias Längin
    • , Tanja Mayr
    •  & Jan-Michael Abicht

  • Article |

    A PI3KCA inhibitor reverses symptoms in a mouse model of PROS/CLOVES syndrome, which results from gain-of-function mutations in PI3KCA, and produces improvements in patients with PROS/CLOVES syndrome.

    • Quitterie Venot
    • , Thomas Blanc
    •  & Guillaume Canaud

  • Article |

    Normothermic machine perfusion of the liver improved early graft function, demonstrated by reduced peak serum aspartate transaminase levels and early allograft dysfunction rates, and improved organ utilization and preservation times, although no differences were seen in graft or patient survival.

    • David Nasralla
    • , Constantin C. Coussios
    •  & Peter J. Friend

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