Featured
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Article
| Open Access
Antibody evasion by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants BA.2.12.1, BA.4 and BA.5
Findings from a systematic antigenic analysis of these surging Omicron subvariants that this lineage of SARS-CoV-2 continues to evolve, successively yielding subvariants that are not only more transmissible but also more evasive to antibodies.
- Qian Wang
- , Yicheng Guo
- & David D. Ho
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Letter |
A naturally occurring antiviral ribonucleotide encoded by the human genome
Viperin inhibits the replication of various viruses by catalysing the conversion of CTP to ddhCTP, which is a unique nucleotide that functions as replication-chain terminator of RNA-dependent RNA polymerases.
- Anthony S. Gizzi
- , Tyler L. Grove
- & Steven C. Almo
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Letter
| Open Access
Sooty mangabey genome sequence provides insight into AIDS resistance in a natural SIV host
Whole-genome sequencing and comparative genomic analysis of immune-related genes of Cercocebus atys and Macaca mulatta identify candidate genes, such as ICAM2 and TLR4, that may explain the AIDS resistance of C. atys.
- David Palesch
- , Steven E. Bosinger
- & Guido Silvestri
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Letter |
A complement–microglial axis drives synapse loss during virus-induced memory impairment
People infected with West Nile virus often experience cognitive side effects including memory loss through unknown mechanisms; mice and humans infected with the virus experience a loss in hippocampal presynaptic terminals, which can be reversed by disrupting complement or microglia in mice.
- Michael J. Vasek
- , Charise Garber
- & Robyn S. Klein
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Letter |
An enteric virus can replace the beneficial function of commensal bacteria
Commensal bacteria are known to have an important role in keeping the host healthy, but the role of eukaryotic viruses has been unknown; now, persistent infection in mice with various strains of enteric norovirus is shown to provide similar host protection.
- Elisabeth Kernbauer
- , Yi Ding
- & Ken Cadwell
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Letter |
RNA viruses can hijack vertebrate microRNAs to suppress innate immunity
Here it is proposed that RNA viruses can adapt to use the antiviral properties of microRNAs to limit viral replication and suppress innate immunity in particular cell types, and this restriction can lead to exacerbation of disease severity.
- Derek W. Trobaugh
- , Christina L. Gardner
- & William B. Klimstra
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Letter |
Pan-viral specificity of IFN-induced genes reveals new roles for cGAS in innate immunity
The specificity of interferon effectors across an expanded range of viruses is studied, with results indicating that positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses are more susceptible to interferon-stimulated gene activity than negative-sense RNA or DNA viruses; in addition, the DNA sensor cGAS is shown to have an unappreciated role in RNA virus inhibition.
- John W. Schoggins
- , Donna A. MacDuff
- & Charles M. Rice
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Research Highlights |
Human response in model mice
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Research Highlights |
Fighting viruses antibody-free
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Research Highlights |
Prion-like immune trigger
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Research Highlights |
Virus detected upon entry
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Letter |
Differential microRNA regulation of HLA-C expression and its association with HIV control
- Smita Kulkarni
- , Ram Savan
- & Mary Carrington
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Letter |
A diverse range of gene products are effectors of the type I interferon antiviral response
- John W. Schoggins
- , Sam J. Wilson
- & Charles M. Rice
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News |
Friendly bacteria fight the flu
Microbes trigger immune response that suppresses infections.
- Amy Maxmen
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Research Highlights |
Stronger shields against the flu
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Letter |
Polyreactivity increases the apparent affinity of anti-HIV antibodies by heteroligation
During immune responses, antibodies are selected for their ability to bind to foreign antigens with high affinity, in part by their ability to undergo homotypic bivalent binding. However, this type of binding is not always possible. Here, the monoclonal antibodies produced in two infected subjects in response to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) glycoprotein have been analysed. The results provide evidence for polyreactivity, which may be required when the density of glycoprotein spikes is so low that bivalent binding is unlikely.
- Hugo Mouquet
- , Johannes F. Scheid
- & Michel C. Nussenzweig
Antigenicity and receptor affinity of SARS-CoV-2 BA.2.86 spike