Featured
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Climate change increases cross-species viral transmission risk
Changes in climate and land use will lead to species aggregating in new combinations at high elevations, in biodiversity hotspots and in areas of high human population density in Asia and Africa, driving the cross-species transmission of animal-associated viruses.
- Colin J. Carlson
- , Gregory F. Albery
- & Shweta Bansal
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Article
| Open Access
Prolonged viral suppression with anti-HIV-1 antibody therapy
A clinical study shows that immunotherapy with anti-HIV-1 antibodies maintains prolonged viral suppression after anti-retroviral treatment is discontinued and affects the size and composition of the intact but not the defective proviral reservoir.
- Christian Gaebler
- , Lilian Nogueira
- & Michel C. Nussenzweig
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Distinct viral reservoirs in individuals with spontaneous control of HIV-1
In individuals who have achieved natural control of HIV-1 without drug treatment, intact proviral sequences are integrated into genomic regions that are not permissive to active viral transcription, indicating deep latency of the virus.
- Chenyang Jiang
- , Xiaodong Lian
- & Xu G. Yu
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Identifying SARS-CoV-2-related coronaviruses in Malayan pangolins
SARS-CoV-2-related coronaviruses are identified in Malayan pangolins (Manis javanica); these pangolin-associated coronaviruses belonged to two sub-lineages of SARS-CoV-2-related coronaviruses, including one that exhibits strong similarity in the receptor-binding domain to SARS-CoV-2.
- Tommy Tsan-Yuk Lam
- , Na Jia
- & Wu-Chun Cao
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Systemic HIV and SIV latency reversal via non-canonical NF-κB signalling in vivo
Activation of the non-canonical NF-κB signalling pathway by AZD5582 results in the induction of HIV and SIV RNA expression in the blood and tissues of antiretroviral-therapy-treated humanized mice and rhesus macaques.
- Christopher C. Nixon
- , Maud Mavigner
- & J. Victor Garcia
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Letter |
A quantitative approach for measuring the reservoir of latent HIV-1 proviruses
An assay to measure the latent HIV-1 reservoir that separately quantifies intact and defective proviruses will facilitate evaluation of HIV-1 cure strategies by measuring the provirues that pose a barrier to cure.
- Katherine M. Bruner
- , Zheng Wang
- & Robert F. Siliciano
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Antibody and TLR7 agonist delay viral rebound in SHIV-infected monkeys
In monkeys infected with an AIDS-like virus, a combination of a broadly neutralizing antibody and an immune stimulator during antiretroviral therapy suppressed viral rebound after antiretroviral drug discontinuation.
- Erica N. Borducchi
- , Jinyan Liu
- & Dan H. Barouch
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Letter |
Fatal swine acute diarrhoea syndrome caused by an HKU2-related coronavirus of bat origin
Analysis of viral samples from deceased piglets shows that a bat coronavirus was responsible for an outbreak of fatal disease in China and highlights the importance of the identification of coronavirus diversity and distribution in bats in order to mitigate future outbreaks of disease.
- Peng Zhou
- , Hang Fan
- & Jing-Yun Ma
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Letter |
CD32a is a marker of a CD4 T-cell HIV reservoir harbouring replication-competent proviruses
CD32a expression is induced on the surface of HIV-1-infected quiescent CD4 T cells, and could thus be used as a biomarker to facilitate future study of how the virus persists in cellular reservoirs in infected hosts.
- Benjamin Descours
- , Gaël Petitjean
- & Monsef Benkirane
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Persistent HIV-1 replication maintains the tissue reservoir during therapy
By examining viral sequences in lymphoid tissue from three HIV-1-infected individuals receiving drug therapy, the authors find phylogenetic evidence for ongoing virus replication, suggesting that the antiretroviral drug concentration in the lymphoid tissue is insufficient to fully suppress the virus; using a mathematical model, they further explain why drug resistance does not necessarily arise as a result.
- Ramon Lorenzo-Redondo
- , Helen R. Fryer
- & Steven M. Wolinsky
BTN3A3 evasion promotes the zoonotic potential of influenza A viruses