Electrical and electronic engineering articles within Nature Communications

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  • Article
    | Open Access

    Ultrasound neuromodulation overcomes limitations of electrode-based stimulation through improved

    targeting and long-term stability for treating neurological disorders. Here, authors present a hair-thin, implantable piezoelectric stimulator that selectively modulates neurons in the deep brain.

    • Jason F. Hou
    • , Md Osman Goni Nayeem
    •  & Canan Dagdeviren

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Hydrogen-doping driven metal to ferroelectric phase transition in a complex oxide NdNiO3 is demonstrated. Transient negative differential capacitance and implementation of polarization decay into neural network for learning are then presented.

    • Yifan Yuan
    • , Michele Kotiuga
    •  & Shriram Ramanathan

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Optoelectronic neural interfaces allow for non-genetic and remote modulation of neural activity. Here, the authors propose a biodegradable, flexible and miniaturized neural interface based on molybdenum-modified silicon diodes that allows transdermal neuromodulation and promotes nerve regeneration.

    • Pengcheng Sun
    • , Chaochao Li
    •  & Lan Yin

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Si color centers offer promising quantum technology applications, but their interaction with electric fields has not been explored. Here the authors report electrical manipulation of telecom emitters in Si by fabricating lateral diodes with an integrated ensemble of G centers in commercial Si on insulator wafer.

    • Aaron M. Day
    • , Madison Sutula
    •  & Evelyn L. Hu

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Transfer learning has shown an advantageous performance in various tasks, however pretraining of the model with new dataset remains computationally expensive. The authors propose a biologically inspired three-dimensional neural network model for transfer learning, with improved training speed and accuracy.

    • Brosnan Yuen
    • , Xiaodai Dong
    •  & Tao Lu

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Probabilistic computing demands low power and high quality random number generation. Woo et al. demonstrate the use of a spin crossover in LaCoO3 to generate random numbers that outperform software-generated random numbers in probabilistic computing.

    • Kyung Seok Woo
    • , Alan Zhang
    •  & Suhas Kumar

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Perception methods that enable control systems to understand and adapt to unstructured environments are desired. Wang et. al. develop a memristor-based differential neuromorphic computing, perceptual signal processing, and online adaptation method providing neuromorphic style adaptation to external sensory stimuli.

    • Shengbo Wang
    • , Shuo Gao
    •  & Luigi Giuseppe Occhipinti

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The transport behavior of high-entropy alloys (HEAs) remains unclear. Here, the authors explore the fundamentals of low-wear and high-conductivity refractory HEAs, examining the cocktail effect in conductivity, and highlight its potential applications in enhancing atomic-scale image resolution.

    • Cheng-Hsien Yeh
    • , Wen-Dung Hsu
    •  & Chuan-Feng Shih

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Efficient radiation is essential to reach thermodynamic limit of photovoltaic efficiency. Here, authors design thick quantum barriers to suppress interfacial quenching and boost photon recycling in perovskite cells, achieving high radiation and photovoltaic efficiencies and long device stability.

    • Kyung Mun Yeom
    • , Changsoon Cho
    •  & Jun Hong Noh

  • Article
    | Open Access

    In-vitro platforms for personalized cancer diagnosis is required high sensitivity. Here, the authors developed a digital microfluidic system for drug screening using primary tumor cells and established a working protocol for precision medicine.

    • Jiao Zhai
    • , Yingying Liu
    •  & Yanwei Jia

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Resonance-based systems such as electroacoustic transducers are often limited by narrow bandwidth. Here, authors report a digital non-Foster inspired circuit demonstrating significant bandwidth and power level enhancement with greater reconfigurability than conventional analog non-Foster approaches.

    • Xin Yang
    • , Zhihe Zhang
    •  & Andrea Alù

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Interface engineering by local polarization is becoming increasingly important for tunable electronics. Here, authors demonstrate an electric pulse-tuned piezotronic effect in Ag/HfO2/n-ZnO junction, enabling reversible and accurate regulation of barrier height and piezotronic modification range.

    • Qiuhong Yu
    • , Rui Ge
    •  & Yong Qin

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Here the authors have developed a superconducting microwave frequency comb that is fully integrated, easy to manufacture, and operates with ultra-low power consumption, and could significantly advance microwave photonics and quantum processor integration.

    • Chen-Guang Wang
    • , Wuyue Xu
    •  & Peiheng Wu

  • Article
    | Open Access

    A field-programmable radio frequency surface (FPRFS) is proposed that can implement arbitrary antennas and impedance matching networks. An asymmetric excitation scheme is demonstrated to ensure radiation efficiency independent of the number of FPRFS switches.

    • Tianzhi Li
    • , Yang Yu
    •  & Efstratios Skafidas

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Creating accurate digital twins and controlling nonlinear systems displaying chaotic dynamics is challenging due to high system sensitivity to initial conditions and perturbations. The authors introduce a nonlinear controller for chaotic systems, based on next-generation reservoir computing, with improved accuracy, energy cost, and suitable for implementation with field-programmable gate arrays.

    • Robert M. Kent
    • , Wendson A. S. Barbosa
    •  & Daniel J. Gauthier

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The BHMbot provides an efficient running gait and a novel actuation mechanism for insect scale legged microrobots to solve the bottleneck problem of the severe running speed degradation after carrying essential payloads for untethered locomotion.

    • Zhiwei Liu
    • , Wencheng Zhan
    •  & Xiaojun Yan

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Solving ill-posed inverse problems require regularisation based on prior knowledge, which is formulated mathematically or learned from data. Here, the authors demonstrated the concept of semantic regularisation based on large language model to circumvent the current limitation.

    • Hongrui Zhang
    • , Yanjin Chen
    •  & Lianlin Li

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Multiplexed spiking data coding schemes could enable artificial visual neurons to emulate the human visual system in a more biologically plausible way. Here, Li et al. present an artificial neuron device capable of encoding visual analog signals into spike trains using multiplexed rate and temporal fusion coding. Reviewer recognition:

    • Fanfan Li
    • , Dingwei Li
    •  & Bowen Zhu

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Ising machines have been usually applied to predefined combinatorial problems due to their distinct physical properties. The authors introduce an approach that utilizes equilibrium propagation for the training of Ising machines and achieves high accuracy performance on classification tasks.

    • Jérémie Laydevant
    • , Danijela Marković
    •  & Julie Grollier

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Magnetostatic wave filters have a wide working frequency range, small size and high Q-factor, however, they are hampered by the need for a large external electromagnet to provide a bias magnetic field. Here, Du et al demonstrate an extremely small and low power external magnetic bias assembly with zero static power consumption, removing the need for bulky and energy intensive electromagnets.

    • Xingyu Du
    • , Mohamad Hossein Idjadi
    •  & Roy H. Olsson III

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Conventional lighting requires an AC-DC converter for LEDs. Here, the authors report a tandem structure by connecting two QLEDs with opposite polarity in parallel, enabling AC driven operation. A household AC electricity plug-and-play QLEDs panel with tuneable colour and brightness is achieved.

    • Jiming Wang
    • , Cuixia Yuan
    •  & Shuming Chen

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Oscillating neural networks promise ultralow power consumption and rapid computation for tackling complex optimization problems. Here, the authors demonstrate VO2 oscillators to solve NP-complete problems with projected power consumption of 13 µW/oscillator.

    • Olivier Maher
    • , Manuel Jiménez
    •  & Siegfried Karg

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Integrating security, computing and memory capabilities in ion-migration-driven memristors is challenging. Here, Woo et al. experimentally demonstrates a single system that performs cryptographic key generation, universal Boolean logic operations, and encryption/decryption.

    • Kyung Seok Woo
    • , Janguk Han
    •  & Cheol Seong Hwang

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The researchers showcase a photonic-electronic FMCW LiDAR source composed of a micro-electronic based high-voltage arbitrary waveform generator, a photonic circuit-based tunable Vernier laser with piezoelectric actuators, and an erbium-doped waveguide amplifier.

    • Anton Lukashchuk
    • , Halil Kerim Yildirim
    •  & Tobias J. Kippenberg

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Piezocapacitive pressure sensors are typically limited by the slow response-relaxation speed for detecting dynamic stimuli. Here, Zhang et al. utilize the electrode-dielectric interface and bonded micro-structured interface for energy dissipation and reduce the response and relaxation time to 0.04 ms.

    • Yuan Zhang
    • , Xiaomeng Zhou
    •  & Chuan Fei Guo

  • Article
    | Open Access

    In contrast to the commonly studied optical frequency combs, here, the authors demonstrate a radio frequency system able to wirelessly and passively generate frequency combs as a battery-free solution for far-field ranging of unmanned vehicles in GPS-denied settings.

    • Hussein M. E. Hussein
    • , Seunghwi Kim
    •  & Cristian Cassella

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Processing spatiotemporal information calls for the construction of hardware systems with computing capability comparable to biological neural networks. Inspired by human cochlea, Milozzi et al. develop neuromorphic circuits for memristive tonotopic mapping via volatile resistive switching memory devices.

    • Alessandro Milozzi
    • , Saverio Ricci
    •  & Daniele Ielmini

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Vehicle control systems typically take compliant objects, such as vegetation, as obstacles to be avoided, hindering locomotion through busy mediums. Here, authors present a traversal strategy that considers a drone’s morphology and an obstacle’s compliance to decide between circumventing it or pushing it aside.

    • Emanuele Aucone
    • , Christian Geckeler
    •  & Stefano Mintchev

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Real-time lab analysis is key to support clinical research during space missions. Here, the authors show scant test samples can be measured in microgravity using a miniature cytometery-based analyzer, the rHEALTH ONE with specific spaceflight modifications.

    • Daniel J. Rea
    • , Rachael S. Miller
    •  & Eugene Y. Chan

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