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Allylic substitution reaction of alkenes has been well-developed, but it has limitations, partly due to the intrinsic predilection for an inner-sphere mechanism. Herein, the authors present an outer-sphere mechanism in Rh-catalyzed allylic substitution reaction of simple alkenes using gem-difluorinated cyclopropanes as allyl surrogates.
The array of tools to image peroxisome regulation is still limited. Here, the authors develop improved fatty acid-based probes with high peroxisome specificity and bright fluorescence in the red/far-red spectrum, which makes them ideal to study peroxisomes in live cells and whole organisms.
Frustrated magnetic systems typically have multiple ground state configurations. While such multistability is common in amorphous materials, periodic mechanical systems have long range elastic interactions that tend to lead to a long-range ordered ground state. Herein, Sirote-Katz, Shohat et al. introduce periodic mechanical systems that have many disordered metastable states.
Copper isotopes in rifted alkaline rocks indicate that since the Neoproterozoic, cratonic mantle roots have been oxidized from metal-saturated environments with volatile CH4 and H2O to environments of stabilized CO2 and H2O and destabilized metals.
The role of non-coding mutations in cancer progression and immune evasion needs to be further explored. Here, the authors investigate the potential of common somatic and germline 3′ untranslated region variants in predicting response to immunotherapy in gastric patients.
Photoreceptor outer segment abnormalities cause retinitis pigmentosa, a form of blindness. Here, authors show that the disease-associated gene RPGR regulates actin-mediated outer segment turnover through its interaction with the actin severer, cofilin.
In this study, a deep learning-based model of left atrial size in UK Biobank enabled genome-wide association studies in 35,049 healthy participants. Several lines of evidence, including the PITX2 locus, linked left atrial dysfunction to atrial fibrillation risk.
How the hippocampus selects relevant events that are worth remembering is debated. Here, authors show midbrain dopamine neurons projecting to the hippocampus provide a teaching signal triggering NeoHebbian LTP and contextual learning.
Two-dimensional graphene-based membranes have gained much interest, but they suffer from poor rejection for monovalent salts. Here, the authors develop an electrostatic-induced ion partitioning strategy to suppress anion-cation transmembrane co-transport, improving the desalination performance.
Whether decisions are made in a graded or all-or-none fashion remains unclear. Here, the authors provide evidence to suggest that decisions conclude in a graded, rather than a binary, manner, thus providing an analog framework for flexible choice behavior.
The advancement of sodium halide solid-state electrolytes can propel high-energy-density all-solid-state sodium-ion batteries. Here, the authors present a LaCl3-based electrolyte facilitating rapid Na+ ion conduction along the c-axis diffusion channel, ensuring high capacity even at elevated current densities.
The brain networks orchestrating conscious recognition of auditory sequences are not well understood. Here, the authors reveal hierarchical processing from auditory cortices to hippocampus and cingulate gyrus, enhancing our understanding of predictive coding in memory.
Here the authors isolate monoclonal antibody HmAb64 from a healthy volunteer who received an experimental polyvalent DNA prime-protein boost HIV vaccine, and show that it’s specific for the CD4 binding site and neutralizes cross-subtype HIV isolates including several tier-2 viruses.
The authors proposed a strategy for sensorimotor control using memristive H-H neurons, integrating bio-inspired neural circuits and computational capabilities of neurons’ firing features with a robot for avoidance control.
Tang et al. describe the development of a fungal genome mining tool which can be used to identify biosynthetic gene clusters from fungal genomes that lack detectable protein domains and demonstrate its functionality.
Here authors identify the interaction between the SUN-family protein Sad1 and histone H2A-H2B in S. pombe, and reveal the roles of the Sad1-histone interaction in the association of heterochromatin with the nuclear envelope and heterochromatin silencing.
The hierarchy of symmetry breaking in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene remains a topic of intense fundamental study. Here, the authors determine the spin polarization of symmetry-broken quantum Hall states and Chern insulators in MATBG using a twist-decoupled graphene probe.
OsMAPK6 and CLG1, respectively, target GW6a for phosphorylation and ubiquitylation to favor the substrate stabilization using a different mechanism from prior reports, and the corresponding genetic axes operate non-additively to regulate seed size.